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Summary

The STEP program provided Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) recipients with intensive case management and other supports to help them overcome barriers to employment and secure jobs.

STEP participants received home visits from community liaisons to identify and mitigate any barriers that might prevent participants from traveling to the program offices. In the program offices, participants were assigned a case coordinator, who conducted assessments to determine barriers to employment. Case coordinators worked with no more than 20 participants at a time. The case coordinator and specialized vocational rehabilitation staff developed a plan to address the barriers, and participants began activities tailored to overcoming their barriers. Activities included life skills classes, adult basic education classes, general education diploma preparation, English classes, support groups, professional development, counseling, computer classes, and behavioral coaching. Some classes were available at STEP program offices, and others were available through referrals to other organizations in the community. The duration of services varied based on participants’ needs and motivations. After case coordinators determined that participants were ready, participants worked with job coaches and job developers to find permanent employment. STEP offered bonuses of $20 to $125 to participants for finding employment and bonuses of $50 after 90 days of employment. STEP participants were TANF recipients who were not exempt from the TANF requirement to participate in work activities. The STEP program was run by the Jewish Employment and Vocational Service organization in Philadelphia, PA. It was a part of the Enhanced Services for the Hard-to-Employ Demonstration that also evaluated the Transitional Work Corporation’s (TWC) transitional jobs program and the comparison between the TWC’s program and STEP.

Populations and employment barriers: Cash assistance recipients, Unemployed

Effectiveness rating and effect by outcome domain

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Outcome domain Term Effectiveness rating Effect in 2018 dollars and percentages Effect in standard deviations Sample size
Increase earnings Short-term Little evidence to assess support unfavorable $-167 per year -0.008 1211
Long-term Little evidence to assess support $0 per year 0.000 0
Very long-term No evidence to assess support
Increase employment Short-term Little evidence to assess support unfavorable -1% (in percentage points) -0.027 1211
Long-term Little evidence to assess support 0% (in percentage points) 0.000 1211
Very long-term No evidence to assess support
Decrease benefit receipt Short-term Little evidence to assess support unfavorable $63 per year 0.023 1211
Long-term Little evidence to assess support favorable $-61 per year -0.022 1211
Very long-term No evidence to assess support
Increase education and training All measurement periods No evidence to assess support

Studies of this intervention

Study quality rating Study counts per rating
High High 1

Implementation details

Cost information

The average cost per participant was $8,049 in 2018 dollars.

This figure is based on cost information reported by authors of the study or studies the Pathways Clearinghouse reviewed for this intervention. The Pathways Clearinghouse converted that information to a single amount expressed in 2018 dollars; for details, see the FAQ. Where there are multiple studies of an intervention rated high or moderate quality, the Pathways Clearinghouse computed the average of costs reported across those studies.

Cost information is not directly comparable across interventions due to differences in the categories of costs reported and the amount of time interventions lasted. Cost information is not an official price tag or guarantee.

Local context

Characteristics of research participants
Black or African American
82%
White, not Hispanic
3%
Another race
1%
Hispanic or Latino of any race
14%

The Pathways Clearinghouse refers to interventions by the names used in study reports or manuscripts. Some intervention names may use language that is not consistent with our style guide, preferences, or the terminology we use to describe populations.